The only Nobel Prize winner from the University of Jena to date: Rudolf Eucken.

Famous university teachers and students from the history of the University of Jena (selection)

The only Nobel Prize winner from the University of Jena to date: Rudolf Eucken.
Image: Jan-Peter Kasper (University of Jena)
  • Abbe, Ernst (1840-1905)
    Physicist, industrialist, social reformer; from 1863 private lecturer, from 1870 professor of mathematics and physics; since 1866 associated with Carl Zeiss; founded scientific microscope construction in 1871/1872; since 1875 partner and after the death of Carl Zeiss sole owner of the Optical Workshops; 1878/1900 director of the Jena Observatory; 1889 establishment of the Carl Zeiss Foundation; 1896 Dr jur. h.c.

  • Arndt, Ernst Moritz (1769-1860)
    Historian, publicist; 1793/1794 studied theology and history

  • Arumäus, Dominicus (1579-1637)
    Jurist; from 1605 professor of law; introduction of constitutional law as an independent discipline

  • Auerbach, Felix (1856-1933)
    Physicist; in 1879 took over the post of associate professor for theoretical physics established by Abbe; in 1918 first biography of Abbe; promoter of modern art movements; 1933 suicide after the establishment of fascist tyranny

  • Batsch, August Johann Georg Karl (1761-1802)
    Physician; from 1787 professor of medicine and botany, from 1792 of philosophy; in 1793 founder of the "Naturforschende Gesellschaft" at Jena

  • Binswanger, Otto (1852-1929)
    Physician; from 1882 director of the „Landesirren-Heil- und Pflegeanstalt“ (from 1894 Psychiatric Clinic); from 1891 professor of psychiatry; reformed psychiatry and gave essential impulses to the development of psychiatry and neurology

  • Bose, Johann Andreas (1626-1674)
    Historian; from 1656 professor of history; represented the new discipline in the sense of historical political science; Leibniz and Pufendorf were among his students

  • Brehm, Alfred Edmund (1829-1884)
    Zoologist; 1855 Dr phil. in Jena; explorer and author of "Illustriertes Tierleben"

  • Brentano, Clemens (1778-1842)
    Early Romantic poet; studied in Jena in 1798; editor of the folk song collection "Des Knaben Wunderhorn", together with Achim von Arnim

  • Buddeus, Johann Franz (1667-1729)
    Theologian; from 1705 professor of theology; important academic teacher and respected scholar of the era of transition from orthodoxy to early enlightenment; his works set standards in the history of philosophy, dogmatics, ethics and church historiography

  • Busch, Hans (1884-1973)
    Physicist; from 1922 professor for Applied Physics in Jena; discoverer of the electro-optical lens laws

  • Carpov, Jakob (1699-1768)
    Philosopher, theologian, naturalist; 1722/1723 student and phil. Magister; follower of Christian Wolff

  • Claudius, Matthias (1740-1815)
    Lyricist, publicist; 1759/63 studied theology and law; editor of the "Wandsbecker Boten“

  • Darjes, Joachim Georg (1715-1791)
    Philosopher, cameralist, pedagogue; 1735 Magister; 1744-1763 professor for morals and politics in Jena; 1761 founded one of the first trade schools in Germany ("Rosenschule") in Jena; co-author of the "Allgemeines Landrecht" under Friedrich II.

  • Delbrück, Berthold (1842-1922)
    Linguist; from 1869 professor of comparative linguistics; author of the "Comparative Syntax of the Indo-Germanic Languages"

  • Döbereiner, Johann Wolfgang (1780-1849)
    Chemist; from 1810 professor of chemistry; close scientific contacts with Goethe; with his triad theory he created the first approaches to a systematisation of the chemical elements

  • Droysen, Johann Gustav (1808-1884)
    Historian; 1851/1859 professor of History; founder of the "Historical Seminar" in Jena and co-initiator of the Association for Thuringian History and Antiquities

  • Eichstädt, Karl Heinrich Abraham (1772-1848)
    Philologist; from 1804 professor of poetry and eloquence; contributor to the "Allgemeine Literatur-Zeitung" and founder of the "Jenaische Allgemeine Literatur-Zeitung"

  • Esau, Abraham (1884-1955)
    Physicist; 1925/1939 professor for Technical Physics; expansion of the Technical Physics Institute into a research centre for short-wave and ultra-short-wave technology; pioneer of high-frequency technology

  • Eucken, Rudolf (1846-1926) 
    Philosopher; from 1874 professor of Philosophy; creator of a metaphysical-idealistic philosophy of life; 1908 Nobel Prize for Literature

  • Feuerbach, Paul Johann Anselm (1775-1833)
    Jurist; 1801/1802 professor of Law; founder of the modern German theory of criminal law

  • Fichte, Johann Gottlieb (1762-1814)
    Philosopher; 1794-1799 professor of philosophy; important representative of German Idealism; banned from teaching in 1799 after the so-called "Atheism Controversy"; founding rector of the University of Berlin

  • Fischer, Kuno (1824-1907)
    Philosopher; from 1856 professor of philosophy; versatile researcher and teacher in the fields of logic, metaphysics, history of philosophy and literature

  • Flacius Illyricus, Matthias (1520-1575)
    Theologian; 1557-1562 professor of Theology; founder of Reformation church historiography; as a "Gnesiolutheran" a determined opponent of the Wittenberg "Philippists“

  • Frege, Gottlob (1848-1925)
    Mathematician; 1879-1918 professor of Mathematics; created the first complete axiom system of classical quantum logic with the "Basic Laws of Arithmetic"; co-founder of modern mathematical and formal logic

  • Fries, Jakob Friedrich (1773-1843)
    Philosopher; from 1801 private lecturer and from 1816 professor of philosophy; Wartburg Festival participant in 1817; between 1817 and 1819 Germany's most effective philosophical university teacher, who, however, also expressed anti-Semitic views

  • Froebel, Friedrich Wilhelm August (1782-1852)
    Pedagogue; studied philosophy 1799-1801; important work on preschool education; founder of the "Kindergarten“

  • Gagern, Heinrich Frhr. von (1799-1880)
    Jurist, politician; 1818/19 studied law; leading representative of the "Urburschenschaft"; 1848 first president of the Frankfurt National Assembly

  • Gegenbaur, Karl (1826-1903)
    Physician, zoologist; from 1855 professor of zoology; research on comparative anatomy; close cooperation with Haeckel in the sense of Darwinian evolutionary theory

  • Gerhard, Johann (1582-1637) 
    Theologian; from 1615 professor of theology; leading Lutheran theologian of his time; author of the main work of Lutheran orthodoxy "Loci theologici"

  • Griewank, Karl (1900-1953)
    Historian; from 1946 professor of medieval and modern history; merits in shaping a humanistic-democratic view of history; tragic suicide 1953

  • Günther, Johann Christian (1695-1723)
    Poet; studied in Jena from 1720-1722; important lyricist of the early German Enlightenment

  • Guericke, Otto von (1602-1686)
    Physicist; 1621-1623 studied law; mayor of Magdeburg; known for his experiment with the "Magdeburg hemispheres”

  • Haeckel, Ernst (1834-1919)
    Zoologist; from 1862 professor of zoology; most important German representative of the theory of evolution, who, however, also laid the foundations for racism; 1884 establishment of the Zoological Institute; 1908 foundation of the Phyletic Museum

  • Harnack, Arvid (1901-1942)
    Lawyer, economist; 1920-23 studied law; executed by the National Socialists in 1942 for political resistance

  • Hase, Karl August von (1800-1890)
    Theologian; 1830-1883 professor of church history; imprisoned as a fraternity member on the "Hoher Asperg" near Stuttgart; leading German church historian of the 19th century

  • Hauptmann, Gerhart (1862-1946)
    Dramatist; 1882/83 studied philology and classical studies

  • Hegel, Georg Wilhelm Friedrich (1770-1831)
    Philosopher; 1801-1805 private lecturer; 1805-1807 professor of philosophy; important representative of German idealist philosophy

  • Heussi, Karl (1877-1961)
    Theologian; 1924-1953 professor of church history; 1930/1931 rector; important researcher in the field of patristics and history of historiography; author of the "Kompendium der Kirchengeschichte" (Compendium of Church History)

  • Hölderlin, Friedrich (1770-1843)
    Poet; studied in Jena in 1795; wrote part of his patriotic hymns here

  • Huch, Ricarda (1864-1947)
    Writer; doctorate at the Faculty of Philosophy; 1931 Goethe Prize of the City of Frankfurt; in 1936 moved to Jena; in 1946 honorary doctorate; senior president of the provisional state parliament in Thuringia and honorary president of the German Writers' Congress

  • Hufeland, Christoph Wilhelm (1762-1836)
    Physician; 1793-1798 professor of Medicine; introduction of smallpox vaccination; 1796 major work "The Art of Prolonging Human Life"

  • Hufeland, Gottlieb (1760-1817)
    Jurist; 1785-1803 professor for jurisprudence; important representative of the doctrine of natural law

  • Hund, Friedrich (1896-1997)
    Physicist; 1946-1951 professor for Theoretical Physics; 1948 rector (resigned); pioneering work in the field of quantum physics

  • Joos, Georg (1894-1959)
    Physicist; 1927-1935 professor for Theoretical Physics and director of the Physics Institute; contributed to the experimental verification of Einstein's Theory of Relativity by repeating the Michelson experiment in 1928

  • Kieser, Dietrich Georg (1779-1862)
    Physician; from 1812 professor of Medicine; Wartburg Festival participant in 1817; 1848 delegate to the Frankfurt National Assembly; Vice-President of the Weimar Parliament; 1858 President of the Leopoldina

  • Klopstock, Friedrich Gottlieb (1724-1803)
    Poet; studied theology in 1745/1746; later one of the most important German poets of the 18th century.

  • Kollár, Jan (1793-1852)
    Poet, philologist; 1817-1819 studied theology; Wartburg Festival participant in 1817; creator of the "Slavy Dčera"

  • Leibniz, Gottfried Wilhelm (1646-1716)
    Physicist, philosopher; in 1663 student in Jena as a listener of Weigel; one of the great representatives of rationalism

  • Leisegang, Johannes (1890-1951)
    Philosopher; 1930-1937 and 1945-1948 professor of Philosophy; 1934 imprisoned in Jena; in 1937 removed from office by the National Socialists, in 1948 by the Communists for political and ideological reasons

  • Leitzmann, Albert (1867-1950)
    Germanist; 1898/1935 professor of German Philology; meritorious editor of the works of Forster and Wilhelm von Humboldt

  • Lipsius, Justus (1547-1606)
    Philologist, historian; 1572-1574 professor for ethics, logic and history; compiled his Tacitus edition in Jena; later created one of the most important early modern theories of the state in the "Politica"

  • Loder, Justus Christian (1753-1832)
    Physician; 1778-1803 professor of anatomy and surgery; scientific contacts with Goethe; later important surgeon in St. Petersburg and Moscow

  • Luden, Heinrich (1778-1847)
    Historian; from 1806 professor of history; from 1809 supported the patriotic movement by lecturing on German history; patron of the fraternity movement

  • Marx, Karl (1818-1883)
    Philosopher, politician, publicist; awarded a doctorate by the Faculty of Philosophy of the University of Jena "in absentia" in 1841; founder of scientific socialism; important works: "Zur Kritik der politischen Ökonomie" (1859), "Das Kapital" (1867) 

  • Melanchthon, Philipp (1497-1560)
    Humanist, theologian, reformer; "Praeceptor Germaniae"; established the University of Jena according to his humanist-reformation school concept

  • Meyer, Rudolf (1909-1991)
    Theologian; 1947-1975 professor for Old Testament, Semitic Studies and Rabbinic Literature; author of internationally recognised standard works on Semitic lexicography and linguistics; significant research achievements on the history and theology of Judaism; staunch democrat

  • Mosen, Julius (1803-1867)
    Studied law and Dr phil. h.c. in Jena, poet, dramaturge in Oldenburg/Oldbg., author of the Tyrolean national anthem "Zu Mantua in Banden" (in accordance with the state law of 1948) and a large number of other partly popular song texts.

  • Neubauer, Theodor (1890-1945)
    Historian, educator; 1913 Dr phil. in Jena; active in the resistance against the National Socialists in Thuringia; executed 1945

  • Niethammer, Friedrich Immanuel (1766-1848)
    Theologian, philosopher; from 1792 professor of philosophy, from 1798 professor of theology; later in a leading position in the reorganisation of the Bavarian education system.

  • Nossack, Erich (1901-1977)
    Writer; studied law and philosophy; Büchner Prize in 1961, member of the Order Pour le mérite and several academies

  • Novalis (Georg Philipp Friedrich Frhr. von Hardenberg) (1772-1801)
    Poet; studied law in 1790/1791; belonged to the circle of the Jena Early Romantics from 1796 onwards

  • Oken, Lorenz (1779-1851)
    Physician, natural scientist; 1807-1819 professor of medicine; 1816 editor of the journal "Isis"; participant of the Wartburg festival in 1817; in 1819 dismissed from office; in 1823 founded the "Society of German Natural Scientists and Physicians"; from 1833 first rector of the University of Zurich

  • Oxenstierna, Axel (1583-1654)
    Politician; 1602/1603 studied theology and jurisprudence in Jena; later member of the Swedish Imperial Diet; from 1612 Imperial Chancellor under King Gustav Adolf
  • Pufendorf, Samuel von (1632-1694)
    Jurist, historian; 1656-1658 studied natural law with Weigel; later Brandenburg court historiographer; leading exponent of 17th century German philosophy of state and law

  • Petersen, Peter (1884-1952)
    Pedagogue; from 1923 professor of education; developed the internationally renowned "Jenaplanschule" on the basis of reform education, which was closed in 1950 after political repression [further information de (German)].
  • Rein, Käthe (1881-unknown deceased)
    Daughter of a professor of education and student of philosophy; one of the first women to be enrolled at the university; founder of the Jena Women's Student Association in 1907

  • Reinhold, Karl Leonhard (1758-1823)
    Philosopher; 1787-1794 professor of philosophy; pioneer of Kantian philosophy and co-founder of German idealist philosophy

  • Reuter, Fritz (1810-1874)
    Poet; 1832/1833 studied law; arrested as a member of the fraternity "Germania" in 1833

  • Ritter, Johann Wilhelm (1776-1810)
    Physicist; studied natural sciences from 1796; known as "physicist of the Romantic circle"; discoverer of ultraviolet light; founder of electrochemistry

  • Rolfinck, Werner (1599-1673)
    Physician; from 1629 professor of anatomy; follower of Harvey's theory of blood circulation; first public dissection of corpses; important early enlightener

  • Rosenthal, Eduard (1853-1926)
    Lawyer; from 1880 private lecturer, from 1896 professor of public law; friend of Abbe and contributor to the drafting of the statutes of the Carl Zeiss Foundation; creator of the constitution of Thuringia of 11.3.1921; 1923 Dr rer. pol. h.c.

  • Rückert, Friedrich (1788-1866)
    Poet and translator; 1811 private lecturer in Jena; 1826-1841 professor for Oriental Languages in Erlangen.

  • Šafařik, Paul Joseph (1795-1861)
    Philologist; studied in Jena from 1815-1819; later Slovak poet; author of the "History of Slavic Language and Literature"; translator of the works of Schiller

  • Salzmann, Christian Gotthilf (1744-1811)
    Pedagogue; studied theology in Jena from 1761-1764; later at the Dessau "Philanthropium" and founder of the educational institution in Schnepfenthal

  • Savigny, Friedrich Carl von (1766-1861)
    Jurist; 1802/1803 private lecturer; later member of the Prussian Council of State; founder of the historical school of law

  • Schelling, Friedrich Wilhelm Joseph (1775-1854)
    Philosopher; from 1798 former professor of philosophy; belongs to the circle of German idealism as an important natural philosopher

  • Schiller, Friedrich (1759-1805)
    Poet, historian; from 1789 professor of philosophy; author of historical works, aesthetic writings and dramatic poems of world literary rank

  • Schlegel, August Wilhelm (1767-1845)
    Philologist, writer; in 1798 former professor of philosophy; editor of the programmatic journal of early Romanticism "Athenäum"; main representative of early Romanticism in Jena

  • Schlegel, Friedrich Wilhelm Carl (1772-1829)
    Philologist, writer; 1799-1802 private lecturer in philosophy; philosophical head of the Jena early Romantic movement

  • Schleicher, August (1821-1868)
    Linguist; from 1857 professor of Indo-European languages and comparative grammar; important systematist of Indo-European linguistics

  • Schleiden, Matthias Jakob (1804-1881)
    Biologist; in 1839 Dr phil. in Jena; 1845-1863 professor of Botany; one of the most important biologists of the 19th century with his research on cell theory

  • Schott, Otto (1851-1935)
    Chemist; in 1875 doctoral thesis in Jena; in 1881 start of collaboration with Abbe; in 1884 foundation of the "Glastechnisches Laboratorium Schott & Genossen", from 1920 "Jenaer Glaswerk Schott & Gen."; in 1908 Dr med. h.c.; in 1921 Dr jur. h.c.

  • Schütz, Christian Gottfried (1747-1832)
    Philologist; from 1799 professor of poetry and eloquence; editor of the "Allgemeine Literatur-Zeitung"; first lectures on literary history

  • Schulze, Friedrich Gottlob (1795-1860)
    Agricultural scientist; in 1826 professor for cameralistics; from 1839 professor for political science; founder of the first German agricultural teaching institute

  • Seebeck, Karl Julius Moritz (1805-1884)
    Scholar of Classical Studies; most important curator of the University of Jena in the 19th century; between 1851/77 great merits in appointment policy and the establishment of institutes and clinics

  • Segner, Johann Andreas (1704-1777)
    Physicist; studied in Jena from 1725 to 1729; later professor in Halle; inventor of the hydroelectric machine named after him

  • Siemsen, Anna (1882-1951)
    Pedagogue; 1910 professor for higher education in Bonn; 1923 honorary professorship for pedagogy in Jena; member of the Reichstag in Berlin; in Switzerland editor of a socialist women's magazine, took over teaching position for literature and pedagogy at the University of Hamburg

  • Sievers, Eduard (1850-1932)
    Philologist; from 1871 associate professor; in 1876 first professor of German philology; important contributions to research into the foundations of phonetics and Old English

  • Stifel, Michael (1486-1567)
    Mathematician; 1558-1564 professor of Mathematics; first German number theorist; developed the law of formation for binomial coefficients and created the prerequisites for calculating with logarithms

  • Stigel, Johannes (1515-1562)
    Neo-Latin poet; since 1548 professor of rhetoric and poetry; in 1549 first rector of the "Akademisches Gymnasium" in Jena

  • Thibaut, Anton Friedrich Justus (1772-1840)
    Jurist; 1802-1806 professor of law; major work "System des Pandektenrechts" in Jena; important German civil lawyer; great connoisseur of music and friend of Robert Schumann

  • Troxler, Ignaz Paul Vital (1780-1866)
    Physician, politician; 1800-1803 studied medicine in Jena; later bourgeois democrat; pioneer of the Swiss federal state

  • Tucholsky, Kurt (1890-1935)
    Writer, publicist; in 1915 Dr jur. in Jena

  • Vaerting, Mathilde (1884-1977)
    Educationalist; studied physics, mathematics, philosophy and chemistry; in 1923 full professorship in education in Jena; had to leave the university in 1933 because of the National Socialists

  • Vogt, Oskar Georg (1870-1959)
    Physician; 1890-1894 student and assistant physician; 1894 med. diss. in Jena; co-founder of modern neuropathology

  • Voß, Johann Heinrich (1751-1826)
    Philologist, poet; 1802-1805 private lecturer; renowned writer and translator of the works of Homer and Virgil

  • Wackenroder, Heinrich Wilhelm Ferdinand (1798-1854)
    Chemist; as of 1828 associate professor of chemistry and pharmacy; in 1829 opening of a private pharmaceutical institute; in 1849 professor of chemistry; discoverer of carotene and corydalin

  • Walther, Johannes (1860-1935)
    Geologist; from 1890 professor of palaeontology; in 1894 first holder of the "Haeckel Professorship of Geology and Palaeontology"; 1924-1931 President of the Leopoldina

  • Weigel, Erhard (1625-1699)
    Mathematician, astronomer, educator; from 1653 professor of mathematics; universally inclined early enlightener and the university's most important scholar in the 17th century

  • Welti, Emil (1825-1899)
    Jurist, statesman; studied law in Jena 1844-1847; later member of the Federal Council and six times President of the Swiss Confederation 1869-1891

  • Wien, Max (1866-1938)
    Physicist; 1911-1935 professor of Physics; one of the pioneers of wireless telegraphy

  • Zeiss, Carl (1816-1888)
    Founder of the Zeiss factory; since 1861 university mechanic and lecturer; in 1880 Dr phil. h.c.

  • Zucker, Friedrich (1881-1973)
    Classical philologist; 1918-1961 professor of Classical Philology; 1928/1929 and 1945-1948 Rector of the University of Jena